B, Maxillary anterior extraction forceps. All surgical instruments are classified as critical instruments and must be sterilized after each use ( Table 26-1).įigure 26-1 Types of extraction forceps. The instruments discussed in this chapter are oral surgery instruments most commonly used in surgical procedures. Oral surgery instruments have specific uses and are designed to separate the tooth from the socket, to retract surrounding tissue, to loosen and elevate the tooth within the socket, and to remove the tooth from the socket. Once the procedure has been reviewed with the patient or legal guardian, it is important that the responsible party sign a release form indicating that he or she understands the procedure to be performed and any possible complications that may occur. The dentist must have a complete patient record, which includes a current medical history, radiographs showing the area to be treated, recorded vital signs, appropriate charting of treatment, and the type of pain control methods that are prescribed before, during, and after surgery. It is imperative for the dental team to have the patient’s clinical record, emergency equipment, anesthetic supplies, and surgical instruments readied before seeing the patient for a surgical procedure. Oral surgery, even when performed in the general dental office, is just as much a surgical procedure as one performed in a hospital operating room. For more complicated procedures, dentists will refer their patient to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The general dentist is trained in basic surgical procedures, and many perform single tooth extractions within their practice. Surgery to alter the size or shape of a facial bone.Treatment of fractures of the bones of the face and jaws.Removal of teeth for orthodontic treatment.Preprosthesis surgery to smooth and contour the alveolar ridge.Extraction of decayed teeth that cannot be restored.
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